Be FAST To Identify A Stroke (Paralysis) And Save A Life

By Dr. Sushma Sharma in Neurosciences Neurology

Feb 6, 2019

Stroke is a leading cause of disability & death worldwide, affecting millions each year. One of the most important factors in reducing the impact of stroke is timely medical intervention. Studies show that up to 80% of strokes can be prevented or minimized if the patient reaches the hospital within 4.5 hours of symptom onset. Awareness and education about stroke recognition can save lives. In this article, we will explore the warning signs, risk factors, and prevention strategies for stroke.

What Is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted, either due to a clot blocking a blood vessel (ischemic stroke) or a blood vessel rupturing and causing bleeding in the brain (hemorrhagic stroke). This interruption deprives brain cells of oxygen, leading to the death of brain tissue in the affected area. Without prompt treatment, the damage can result in permanent disability or even death, as the brain functions controlled by the affected area are compromised.

Recognizing the Signs of a Stroke: The BE FAST Method

It is critical to recognize the early symptoms of a stroke and act quickly. The easiest way to remember the common signs is through the acronym BE FAST, which stands for:

• B – Balance: Sudden dizziness or difficulty maintaining balance or coordination.
• E – Eyes: Blurred or double vision, or loss of vision in one or both eyes.
• F – Face: Ask the person to smile. Does one side of the face droop?
• A – Arms: Ask the person to raise both arms.Does one arm feel weak or start to drift downward?
• S – Speech: Check for slurred or unusual speech. Ask the person to repeat simple sentences; notice if they struggle or their speech sounds abnormal.
• T – Time: Time to act fast and call emergency services. Quick treatment can make a difference.

The BE FAST method highlights the most common symptoms, but it’s essential to remember that other signs can also signal a stroke.

Additional Symptoms of Stroke

• Numbness or Weakness on One Side of the Body: Sudden numbness or weakness, particularly on one side (affecting the face, arm, or leg).
• Confusion or Trouble Understanding: Difficulty speaking, understanding language, or confusion.
• Vision Problems: Sudden loss or blurring of vision in one or both eyes.
• Dizziness or Loss of Balance: Trouble walking, dizziness, or lack of coordination.
• Severe Headache: A sudden, intense headache with no known cause can also be a symptom of stroke, particularly in the case of hemorrhagic stroke.

Stroke symptoms often begin suddenly and escalate quickly, usually within seconds to minutes. The severity depends on the part of the brain affected and the size of the affected area. A large stroke can result in more significant functional loss.

Why Time Matters: Acting Quickly Saves Lives

Time is critical in stroke care. When stroke symptoms appear, every minute counts because brain cells begin to die quickly without oxygen. Rapid recognition of symptoms and immediate action can drastically reduce the risk of long-term disability or death. The phrase “Time saves brain” emphasizes that the faster a stroke patient receives medical care, the better their chances of survival and recovery.

Prevention of Stroke: Managing Risk Factors

Many strokes can be prevented by addressing key risk factors. Some of the most important include:

• Control Blood Pressure: High blood pressure is one of the leading causes of stroke. Consistent monitoring and proactive management can help lower the risk.
• Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle: Eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol intake are vital in stroke prevention.
• Monitor Cholesterol Levels: High cholesterol can lead to blocked arteries, increasing stroke risk.
• Manage Diabetes: If you have diabetes, keeping your blood sugar levels under control is essential in reducing stroke risk.
• Stay Informed About Family History: A family history of stroke or heart disease increases your risk, so regular health checks and early intervention are crucial.

Conclusion: Be Prepared and BE FAST

A stroke is a medical emergency that demands immediate action. Recognizing the warning signs using the BE FAST method can save lives and reduce long-term disability. Familiarize yourself with these signs, and don’t hesitate to act if you suspect someone is having a stroke. Timely medical intervention can prevent the devastating consequences of stroke, and with proper prevention strategies, we can reduce its incidence.

Metro Hospital, Faridabad, offers comprehensive treatment for stroke and cardiac conditions, with some of the best neurosurgeons and cardiologists available to provide expert care.

Stay informed, act fast, and help save lives.