
Diabetes and Hypertension Care during COVID-19 Pandemic
By Dr. Sanjiv Kumar Gupta in Cardiology
Sep 21, 2020
The emergence of COVID-19, caused by the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has brought unprecedented changes to daily life, profoundly impacting global health, economies, and social interactions. This virus primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to symptoms such as fever, cough & in severe cases, breathing difficulties. While anyone can contract the virus, individuals with pre-existing medical conditions, especially chronic non-communicable diseases like diabetes and hypertension, are at significantly higher risk of severe complications.
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India’s Dual Burden: Infectious Diseases and Chronic Conditions
India is undergoing a rapid epidemiological shift marked by increasing urbanization, lifestyle changes, and an aging population. This transition has led to a growing prevalence of obesity, diabetes, hypertension, and other cardiovascular risk factors. The coexistence of a pandemic with a high burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) creates a dangerous combination for millions of Indians.
Why People with Diabetes and Hypertension Are More Vulnerable
People living with diabetes and high blood pressure often have weakened immune responses, especially when their conditions are not well-managed. In diabetics, high blood sugar levels impair the body’s ability to fight infections, delay healing, and increase the risk of complications. Likewise, hypertension can lead to compromised cardiovascular health, making it harder for the body to cope with the stress of an infection like COVID-19.
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Stay Informed, Stay Protected
Leading health organizations such as the World Health Organization (WHO), American Diabetes Association (ADA), and Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) have issued specific guidelines to help high-risk individuals safeguard their health during the pandemic.
Key Precautions for Patients with Diabetes and Hypertension
Continue Your Medications Without Interruption
- Follow your prescribed treatment plans diligently.
- Frequently check and manage your blood sugar and blood pressure to maintain optimal health.
- Do not discontinue any ongoing medication without medical advice.
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Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle
- Aim for regular physical activity at home such as stretching, yoga, or indoor walking.
- Limit salt intake and follow a balanced diet rich in fiber, proteins, vegetables, and fruits.
- Avoid smoking and alcohol.
- If non-vegetarian, opt for lean protein sources and cook food in a healthy manner.
Plan Ahead for Emergencies
- Ensure a sufficient stock of medications, testing supplies (glucose meters, BP monitors), and personal hygiene essentials.
- Keep in contact with your healthcare provider for teleconsultation or remote support in case of any symptoms.
- Know how to adjust your medications or diet if you begin to feel unwell.
Practice Good Hygiene at Home
- Disinfect frequently touched surfaces (door handles, phones, tables) daily using disinfectant or soap solution.
- Wash hands often with soap and water or use an alcohol-based sanitizer after touching public surfaces or receiving packages.
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Prevent the Spread: Adopt COVID-19 Safety Measures
Practice Social Distancing
- Maintain a minimum distance of 6 feet from anyone who is not a member of your household.
- Avoid crowded places, public transport, and social gatherings.
- Utilize digital tools & platforms to maintain regular communication with your loved ones.
Wear Masks and Avoid Contact with Sick Individuals
- Always wear a face mask when stepping outside to protect yourself and others from potential infection.
- Avoid contact with anyone showing signs of illness like cough, fever, or cold symptoms.
Limit Non-Essential Hospital Visits
- For minor health issues, consider calling your doctor or using a telemedicine platform.
- Only visit hospitals for emergencies or unavoidable medical needs.
“Prevention is Better Than Cure”
At present, there is no specific cure or universally effective vaccine that offers guaranteed protection against COVID-19, making prevention and precautionary measures critically important. The best way to stay safe is to avoid exposure, strengthen your immunity through healthy habits, and manage your existing health conditions effectively.
The medical and scientific community continues to work tirelessly to understand and respond to the virus. In the meantime, people with diabetes, hypertension, and heart conditions must take extra precautions to reduce risks.
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Final Thoughts: Be Prepared. Be Aware. Be Safe.
Living with a chronic condition during a global pandemic can be challenging, but with the right information and practices, you can protect yourself. Stay consistent with your care plan, adopt healthy lifestyle habits & follow COVID-19 safety guidelines. Your vigilance today can prevent complications tomorrow.