Leading Bladder Cancer Treatment in Delhi, India
Bladder cancer originates in the cells lining the bladder, a hollow muscular organ located in the lower abdomen responsible for storing urine. It is one of the most common cancers, especially in men.

Bladder cancer usually starts in the urothelial cells that line the interior of the bladder. These cells are also present in the kidneys and ureters, but urothelial cancer is more commonly found in the bladder. Most bladder cancers are diagnosed at an early, treatable stage. However, there are instances where early-stage bladder cancer can relapse after successful treatment, necessitating regular follow-up tests for years to prevent recurrence. Metro Hospitals provide comprehensive bladder cancer treatment in Delhi with top medical professionals.

Symptoms of Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer symptoms often involve urinary discomfort or abnormalities. However, not all patients experience these symptoms, and some may present symptoms that are not cancer-related.

Common signs & symptoms of bladder cancer include:

• Blood in the Urine (Hematuria): Presence of blood or blood clots in the urine.
• Painful Urination: A burning or painful sensation during urination.
• Frequent Urination: A persistent need to urinate frequently.
• Urinary Urgency: Feeling the urge to urinate but being unable to do so.
• Lower Back Pain: Pain on one side of the lower back.

Advanced bladder cancer may present additional symptoms such as pelvic pain, loss of appetite, and weight loss. In some cases, the initial symptoms may indicate that the cancer has already spread to other parts of the body, with symptoms depending on the affected areas.

Types of Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer can arise from different cell types within the bladder. The type of bladder cancer is determined by the appearance of the tumor cells. The three main types are:

1. Urothelial Carcinoma:
   Formerly known as transitional cell carcinoma, Urothelial Carcinoma (UCC) originates in the cells lining the inside of the bladder. It is the most common type of bladder cancer and accounts for 10-15% of kidney cancers in adults.
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma:
   This type of bladder cancer is often associated with chronic bladder irritation, possibly due to long-term infections or the use of urinary catheters. Squamous cell carcinoma is rare, accounting for only 4% of bladder cancer cases, and is most common in regions where the parasitic infection schistosomiasis is prevalent.
3. Adenocarcinoma:
   Adenocarcinoma is an extremely rare type of bladder cancer, making up only 2% of cases. It begins in the mucus-secreting gland cells of the bladder.

Risk Factors for Bladder Cancer

Several factors can heighten the risk of developing bladder cancer, including:

• Smoking: Smokers have a 4-6 times higher risk of developing bladder cancer compared to non-smokers.
• Age: The risk increases with age, particularly among individuals aged 65-70 and older.
• Gender: Bladder cancer occurs more frequently in men than in women.
• Chemical Exposure: Exposure to certain chemicals used in industries such as dye, textile, rubber, paint, leather, and printing can increase the risk. Harmful chemicals like aromatic amines are particularly dangerous.
• Chemotherapy or Radiation: Previous exposure to chemotherapy or radiation increases the long-term risk of bladder cancer.
• Family History: A family history of bladder cancer doubles the risk, possibly due to genetic factors affecting the body’s ability to eliminate harmful chemicals. Lynch Syndrome, a genetic condition linked to colorectal cancer, also increases the risk.
• Chronic Bladder Issues and Infections: Long-term inflammation and irritation of the bladder can lead to an increased risk of bladder cancer.
• Diabetes Medication: The use of Pioglitazone, a drug for type 2 diabetes, is associated with a higher risk of developing bladder cancer.

Metro Hospitals is dedicated to providing top-tier diagnostic services and treatment options, leveraging state-of-the-art equipment and advanced medical procedures. Our highly experienced medical professionals and supportive staff ensure comprehensive care and improved quality of life for all patients.

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Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

Diagnosing bladder cancer involves a range of tests and procedures to accurately identify the presence and extent of the disease. At Metro Hospitals, we employ the latest diagnostic tools to ensure precise detection and staging.

Diagnostic Methods

Urine Tests:
Initial screening may involve urine tests to detect blood or abnormal cells in the urine, which can be indicative of bladder cancer.

Cystoscopy:
A primary diagnostic tool, cystoscopy involves inserting a thin tube with a camera through the urethra to visually examine the bladder’s interior for abnormalities.

Biopsy (TURBT):
If cystoscopy reveals suspicious areas, a biopsy or Transurethral Resection of Bladder Tumour (TURBT) may be performed. This procedure removes tissue samples or tumors for pathological examination to determine the type and depth of cancer.

CT Scan:
Computed Tomography (CT) scans offer detailed images of the bladder and surrounding tissues, aiding in evaluating tumor size and detecting its spread.

MRI:
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers high-resolution images using magnetic fields, particularly useful for evaluating the tumor’s extent and involvement with adjacent structures.

PET Scan:
Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans, often combined with CT (PET-CT), detect cancer spread to other body parts by highlighting areas of high metabolic activity.

Ultrasound:
Ultrasound uses sound waves to visualize the internal organs, helping to determine if the kidneys or ureters are affected or blocked.

Treatments for Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer treatment at Metro Hospitals is tailored to the cancer’s stage and type, utilizing advanced surgical and non-surgical methods. Our experienced medical team prioritizes patient safety and optimal outcomes.

Surgical Options

Transurethral Resection (TURBT):
Used for early-stage bladder cancer, TURBT involves removing tumors and abnormal tissues through the urethra without external incisions.

Cystectomy:
In cases where cancer has invaded deeper layers or is more extensive, a cystectomy may be necessary. This surgery involves removing part (partial cystectomy) or all (radical cystectomy) of the bladder. Access is typically through an abdominal incision.

Other Treatments

In addition to surgery, other treatments may include chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and immunotherapy. The choice depends on the cancer’s stage, grade, and patient health.

How Metro Hospitals Can Help

Comprehensive Cancer Care:
At Metro Hospitals, we provide top-tier diagnostic services and treatment options in oncology. Our state-of-the-art facilities and technologies, coupled with a team of skilled specialists, ensure world-class, cost-effective care.

Patient Support:
We offer comprehensive support throughout the treatment and recovery process. Our compassionate staff is dedicated to answering questions, providing care, and assisting patients and their families at every stage.

Frequently Asked Questions

What Type of Bladder Cancer Do I Have?
Bladder cancers are classified based on the cell type from which they originate. The main types include:

• Urothelial Carcinoma: The most common form, starting in the urothelial cells lining the bladder.
• Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A rarer type associated with chronic bladder irritation.
• Adenocarcinoma: An even rarer form, originating from glandular cells in the bladder.

What Type of Follow-Up Will I Need After Bladder Cancer Surgery?
Post-surgery, regular follow-ups are crucial to monitor for recurrence and ensure recovery. These may include physical exams, blood tests, imaging studies (X-rays, CT scans), urine cytology, and possibly cystoscopy.

When Should I Visit a Doctor?
Bladder cancer can be asymptomatic, but symptoms like painful urination, blood in the urine, or frequent urination warrant immediate medical attention. Those with a family history of bladder cancer should also consider regular check-ups.

Why Do I Have Blood in My Urine?
Blood in the urine can be a sign of bladder cancer or other serious conditions. It is essential to consult a doctor promptly to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.