Graves’ Disease Treatment in Noida, Delhi NCR, India

Comprehensive Diagnosis and Advanced Treatment for Hyperthyroidism at Metro Hospitals

Overview

Graves’ disease is a chronic autoimmune disorder that affects the thyroid gland, leading to its overactivity — a condition medically known as hyperthyroidism. The immune system, which usually protects the body from infections, mistakenly attacks healthy thyroid tissues. This triggers the thyroid gland to produce excessive hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which regulate metabolism, energy levels, and overall body function.

When these hormones are produced in excess, it causes various physical and emotional symptoms such as weight loss, anxiety, and irregular heartbeat. The disease often results in an enlarged thyroid gland (goitre) and, in some cases, eye problems known as Graves’ ophthalmopathy.
Named after Sir Robert Graves, who first described it nearly two centuries ago, the condition is one of the most common causes of hyperthyroidism today.

At Metro Hospitals & Heart Institute, Noida, our team of experienced endocrinologists and thyroid specialists provides a comprehensive, evidence-based approach for the diagnosis and treatment of Graves’ disease.

Symptoms of Graves’ Disease

The symptoms of Graves’ disease vary from person to person but are generally related to increased thyroid hormone levels. Common signs include:

• Unintentional weight loss despite having a normal or increased appetite
• Rapid or irregular heartbeat (palpitations)
• Tremors in hands or fingers
• Increased sweating and intolerance to heat
• Fatigue and muscle weakness
• Difficulty sleeping
• Nervousness, irritability, or anxiety
• Enlarged thyroid gland (goitre)
• Bulging eyes (Graves’ ophthalmopathy)
• Irregular menstrual cycles
• Diarrhoea or frequent bowel movements

Causes and Risk Factors

The precise cause of Graves’ disease remains unclear. However, research indicates that it results from a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental triggers.

Normally, the pituitary gland in the brain releases a hormone called thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which regulates thyroid function. In Graves’ disease, the immune system produces antibodies called thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSIs) that mimic TSH, forcing the thyroid to overproduce hormones.

Factors that may increase the risk include:

• Family history of thyroid disorders
• Women under the age of 40
• Autoimmune diseases (Type 1 Diabetes, Rheumatoid Arthritis)
• Physical or emotional stress
• Smoking
• Previous thyroid surgery or radiation exposure

Diagnosis of Graves’ Disease

Early diagnosis is essential to prevent complications. At Metro Hospitals, Noida, our experts use a combination of clinical assessment and advanced diagnostic tests, such as:

1. Blood Tests – Measure thyroid hormone (T3, T4) and TSH levels. Graves’ disease usually presents with low TSH and high T3/T4.
2. Antibody Tests – Detect abnormal antibodies responsible for stimulating thyroid hormone production.
3. Ultrasound Scan – Evaluates the thyroid gland’s size, texture, and presence of nodules.
4. Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test (RAIU) – Determines how actively the thyroid absorbs iodine; higher uptake suggests Graves’ disease.
5. Thyroid Scan – Uses a small dose of radioactive tracer to produce an image of the gland and assess its function.

Graves’ Disease Treatment Options

Treatment focuses on controlling hormone production, managing symptoms, and preventing long-term complications. The right treatment is selected based on age, severity, and overall health condition.

1. Medications

Anti-thyroid drugs help reduce the production of thyroid hormones. Commonly prescribed medications include:

• Methimazole – Used for most patients as a first-line treatment.
• Propylthiouracil (PTU) – Preferred for pregnant women in the first trimester.

Beta-blockers such as Propranolol, Atenolol, or Metoprolol may also be prescribed to manage symptoms like rapid heartbeat, tremors, and anxiety.

2. Radioactive Iodine Therapy

This therapy involves consuming a small dose of radioactive iodine in capsule or liquid form. The thyroid absorbs the iodine, which gradually destroys overactive thyroid cells. As a result, hormone levels return to normal.
This treatment is not recommended for pregnant or breastfeeding women.

3. Thyroid Surgery (Thyroidectomy)

In severe or recurrent cases, partial or complete thyroid removal may be performed. Surgery is also advised for patients who have large goitres or cannot tolerate medications.
At Metro Hospitals, our surgeons use advanced minimally invasive techniques to ensure optimal safety and recovery.

Complications of Untreated Graves’ Disease

If left untreated, Graves’ disease can lead to serious health issues, including:

• Graves’ Ophthalmopathy: Swelling of the tissues around the eyes, causing bulging eyes, vision problems, or eye pain.
• Graves’ Dermopathy: Thickening and redness of the skin, typically on the shins or feet.
• Osteoporosis: Bone loss due to long-term excessive thyroid hormone levels.
• Heart Disorders: Including atrial fibrillation, high blood pressure, or heart failure.
• Thyroid Storm: A rare but life-threatening condition caused by extremely high thyroid hormone levels, leading to fever, rapid heartbeat, and shock.

Living with Graves’ Disease: Recovery & Outlook

Graves’ disease is a manageable condition with proper medical care. Most patients respond well to medications or radioactive iodine therapy. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels and periodic consultations with an endocrinologist are crucial for long-term management.

At Metro Hospitals & Heart Institute, Noida, our multidisciplinary team provides personalised treatment, lifestyle guidance, and continuous monitoring to help patients lead a healthy, active life.

When to See a Doctor

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:

• Rapid or irregular heartbeat
• Unexplained weight loss
• Bulging or painful eyes
• Persistent fatigue
• Skin thickening or swelling
• Difficulty sleeping or tremors

Metro Hospitals & Heart Institute, Noida – Trusted for Advanced Thyroid & Endocrine Care
 Location: Sector-11, Noida, Uttar Pradesh
Call: 8447 666 999 | Visit: www.metrohospitals.com